');mask-image:url('data:image/svg+xml;utf8, ');mask-mode:alpha;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-size:contain;mask-size:contain;-webkit-mask-position:center;mask-position:center;border-radius:0}}.wp-block-latest-comments__comment{line-height:1.1;list-style:none;margin-bottom:1em}.has-avatars .wp-block-latest-comments__comment{min-height:2.25em;list-style:none}.has-avatars .wp-block-latest-comments__comment .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-excerpt,.has-avatars .wp-block-latest-comments__comment .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-meta{margin-left:3.25em}.has-dates .wp-block-latest-comments__comment,.has-excerpts .wp-block-latest-comments__comment{line-height:1.5}.wp-block-latest-comments__comment-excerpt p{font-size:.875em;line-height:1.8;margin:.36em 0 1.4em}.wp-block-latest-comments__comment-date{display:block;font-size:.75em}.wp-block-latest-comments .avatar,.wp-block-latest-comments__comment-avatar{border-radius:1.5em;display:block;float:left;height:2.5em;margin-right:.75em;width:2.5em}.wp-block-latest-posts.alignleft{margin-right:2em}.wp-block-latest-posts.alignright{margin-left:2em}.wp-block-latest-posts.wp-block-latest-posts__list{list-style:none}.wp-block-latest-posts.wp-block-latest-posts__list li{clear:both}.wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid li{margin:0 1.25em 1.25em 0;width:100%}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-2 li{width:calc(50% - .625em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-2 li:nth-child(2n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-3 li{width:calc(33.33333% - .83333em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-3 li:nth-child(3n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-4 li{width:calc(25% - .9375em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-4 li:nth-child(4n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-5 li{width:calc(20% - 1em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-5 li:nth-child(5n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-6 li{width:calc(16.66667% - 1.04167em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-6 li:nth-child(6n){margin-right:0}}.wp-block-latest-posts__post-author,.wp-block-latest-posts__post-date{display:block;color:#555;font-size:.8125em}.wp-block-latest-posts__post-excerpt{margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:1em}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image a{display:inline-block}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image img{height:auto;width:auto}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image.alignleft{margin-right:1em}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image.alignright{margin-left:1em}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image.aligncenter{margin-bottom:1em;text-align:center}.block-editor-image-alignment-control__row .components-base-control__field{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center}.block-editor-image-alignment-control__row .components-base-control__field .components-base-control__label{margin-bottom:0}ol.has-background,ul.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-media-text{
/*!rtl:begin:ignore*/direction:ltr;
/*!rtl:end:ignore*/display:-ms-grid;display:grid;-ms-grid-columns:50% 1fr;grid-template-columns:50% 1fr;-ms-grid-rows:auto;grid-template-rows:auto}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right{-ms-grid-columns:1fr 50%;grid-template-columns:1fr 50%}.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-top .wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-top .wp-block-media-text__media{-ms-grid-row-align:start;align-self:start}.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-center .wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-center .wp-block-media-text__media,.wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__media{-ms-grid-row-align:center;align-self:center}.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-bottom .wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-bottom .wp-block-media-text__media{-ms-grid-row-align:end;align-self:end}.wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__media{
/*!rtl:begin:ignore*/-ms-grid-column:1;grid-column:1;-ms-grid-row:1;grid-row:1;
/*!rtl:end:ignore*/margin:0}.wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content{direction:ltr;
/*!rtl:begin:ignore*/-ms-grid-column:2;grid-column:2;-ms-grid-row:1;grid-row:1;
/*!rtl:end:ignore*/padding:0 8%;word-break:break-word}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right .wp-block-media-text__media{
/*!rtl:begin:ignore*/-ms-grid-column:2;grid-column:2;-ms-grid-row:1;grid-row:1
/*!rtl:end:ignore*/}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right .wp-block-media-text__content{
/*!rtl:begin:ignore*/-ms-grid-column:1;grid-column:1;-ms-grid-row:1;grid-row:1
/*!rtl:end:ignore*/}.wp-block-media-text__media img,.wp-block-media-text__media video{max-width:unset;width:100%;vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill figure.wp-block-media-text__media{height:100%;min-height:250px;background-size:cover}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill figure.wp-block-media-text__media>img{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);border:0}@media (max-width:600px){.wp-block-media-text.is-stacked-on-mobile{-ms-grid-columns:100%!important;grid-template-columns:100%!important}.wp-block-media-text.is-stacked-on-mobile .wp-block-media-text__media{-ms-grid-column:1;grid-column:1;-ms-grid-row:1;grid-row:1}.wp-block-media-text.is-stacked-on-mobile .wp-block-media-text__content{-ms-grid-column:1;grid-column:1;-ms-grid-row:2;grid-row:2}}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-background) .wp-block-navigation__container .wp-block-navigation-link:not(.has-text-color){color:#1e1e1e}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-background) .wp-block-navigation__container .wp-block-navigation__container{background-color:#fff}.items-justified-left>ul{justify-content:flex-start}.items-justified-center>ul{justify-content:center}.items-justified-right>ul{justify-content:flex-end}.wp-block-navigation-link{display:flex;align-items:center;position:relative;margin:0}.wp-block-navigation-link .wp-block-navigation__container:empty{display:none}.wp-block-navigation__container{list-style:none;margin:0;padding-left:0;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.is-vertical .wp-block-navigation__container{display:block}.has-child>.wp-block-navigation-link__content{padding-right:.5em}.has-child .wp-block-navigation__container{border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.15);background-color:inherit;color:inherit;position:absolute;left:0;top:100%;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;z-index:2;opacity:0;transition:opacity .1s linear;visibility:hidden}.has-child .wp-block-navigation__container>.wp-block-navigation-link>.wp-block-navigation-link__content{flex-grow:1}.has-child .wp-block-navigation__container>.wp-block-navigation-link>.wp-block-navigation-link__submenu-icon{padding-right:.5em}@media (min-width:782px){.has-child .wp-block-navigation__container{left:1.5em}.has-child .wp-block-navigation__container .wp-block-navigation__container{left:100%;top:-1px}.has-child .wp-block-navigation__container .wp-block-navigation__container:before{content:"";position:absolute;right:100%;height:100%;display:block;width:.5em;background:transparent}.has-child .wp-block-navigation__container .wp-block-navigation-link__submenu-icon svg{transform:rotate(0)}}.has-child:hover{cursor:pointer}.has-child:hover>.wp-block-navigation__container{visibility:visible;opacity:1;display:flex;flex-direction:column}.has-child:focus-within{cursor:pointer}.has-child:focus-within>.wp-block-navigation__container{visibility:visible;opacity:1;display:flex;flex-direction:column}.wp-block-navigation-link__content{color:inherit;text-decoration:none;padding:.5em 1em}.wp-block-navigation-link__content+.wp-block-navigation-link__content{padding-top:0}.has-text-color .wp-block-navigation-link__content{color:inherit}.wp-block-navigation-link__label{word-break:normal;overflow-wrap:break-word}.wp-block-navigation-link__submenu-icon{height:inherit;padding:.375em 1em .375em 0}.wp-block-navigation-link__submenu-icon svg{fill:currentColor}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-navigation-link__submenu-icon svg{transform:rotate(90deg)}}.is-small-text{font-size:.875em}.is-regular-text{font-size:1em}.is-large-text{font-size:2.25em}.is-larger-text{font-size:3em}.has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:left;font-size:8.4em;line-height:.68;font-weight:100;margin:.05em .1em 0 0;text-transform:uppercase;font-style:normal}p.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em}p.has-text-color a{color:inherit}.wp-block-post-author{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.wp-block-post-author__byline{width:100%;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-size:.5em}.wp-block-post-author__avatar{margin-right:1em}.wp-block-post-author__bio{margin-bottom:.7em;font-size:.7em}.wp-block-post-author__content{flex-grow:1;flex-basis:0}.wp-block-post-author__name{font-weight:700;margin:0}.wp-block-pullquote{padding:3em 0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;text-align:center}.wp-block-pullquote.alignleft,.wp-block-pullquote.alignright{max-width:290px}.wp-block-pullquote.alignleft p,.wp-block-pullquote.alignright p{font-size:1.25em}.wp-block-pullquote p{font-size:1.75em;line-height:1.6}.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote footer{position:relative}.wp-block-pullquote .has-text-color a{color:inherit}.wp-block-pullquote:not(.is-style-solid-color){background:none}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color{border:none}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;text-align:left;max-width:60%}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote p{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-size:2em}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote cite{text-transform:none;font-style:normal}.wp-block-pullquote cite{color:inherit}.wp-block-quote.is-large,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large{margin-bottom:1em;padding:0 1em}.wp-block-quote.is-large p,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large p{font-size:1.5em;font-style:italic;line-height:1.6}.wp-block-quote.is-large cite,.wp-block-quote.is-large footer,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large cite,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large footer{font-size:1.125em;text-align:right}.wp-block-rss.alignleft{margin-right:2em}.wp-block-rss.alignright{margin-left:2em}.wp-block-rss.is-grid{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:0;list-style:none}.wp-block-rss.is-grid li{margin:0 1em 1em 0;width:100%}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-rss.columns-2 li{width:calc(50% - 1em)}.wp-block-rss.columns-3 li{width:calc(33.33333% - 1em)}.wp-block-rss.columns-4 li{width:calc(25% - 1em)}.wp-block-rss.columns-5 li{width:calc(20% - 1em)}.wp-block-rss.columns-6 li{width:calc(16.66667% - 1em)}}.wp-block-rss__item-author,.wp-block-rss__item-publish-date{display:block;color:#555;font-size:.8125em}.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{display:flex;flex:auto;flex-wrap:nowrap;max-width:100%}.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__label{width:100%}.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__input{flex-grow:1;min-width:3em;border:1px solid #949494}.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__button{margin-left:.625em;word-break:normal}.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__button svg{min-width:1.5em;min-height:1.5em}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only .wp-block-search__button{margin-left:0}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{padding:4px;border:1px solid #949494}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__input{border-radius:0;border:none;padding:0 0 0 .25em}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__input:focus{outline:none}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__button{padding:.125em .5em}.wp-block-separator.is-style-wide{border-bottom-width:1px}.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots{background:none!important;border:none;text-align:center;max-width:none;line-height:1;height:auto}.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots:before{content:"\00b7 \00b7 \00b7";color:currentColor;font-size:1.5em;letter-spacing:2em;padding-left:2em;font-family:serif}.wp-block-custom-logo .aligncenter{display:table}.wp-block-social-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;text-indent:0;margin-left:0}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a,.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a:hover{text-decoration:none;border-bottom:0;box-shadow:none}.wp-social-link{display:block;width:36px;height:36px;border-radius:9999px;margin:0 8px 8px 0;transition:transform .1s ease}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.wp-social-link{transition-duration:0s}}.wp-social-link a{padding:6px;display:block;line-height:0;transition:transform .1s ease}.wp-social-link a,.wp-social-link a:active,.wp-social-link a:hover,.wp-social-link a:visited,.wp-social-link svg{color:currentColor;fill:currentColor}.wp-social-link:hover{transform:scale(1.1)}.wp-block-social-links.aligncenter{justify-content:center;display:flex}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link{background-color:#f0f0f0;color:#444}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-amazon{background-color:#f90;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-bandcamp{background-color:#1ea0c3;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-behance{background-color:#0757fe;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-codepen{background-color:#1e1f26;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-deviantart{background-color:#02e49b;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-dribbble{background-color:#e94c89;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-dropbox{background-color:#4280ff;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-etsy{background-color:#f45800;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-facebook{background-color:#1778f2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-fivehundredpx{background-color:#000;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-flickr{background-color:#0461dd;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-foursquare{background-color:#e65678;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-github{background-color:#24292d;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-goodreads{background-color:#eceadd;color:#382110}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-google{background-color:#ea4434;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-instagram{background-color:#f00075;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-lastfm{background-color:#e21b24;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-linkedin{background-color:#0d66c2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-mastodon{background-color:#3288d4;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-medium{background-color:#02ab6c;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-meetup{background-color:#f6405f;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-pinterest{background-color:#e60122;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-pocket{background-color:#ef4155;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-reddit{background-color:#fe4500;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-skype{background-color:#0478d7;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-snapchat{background-color:#fefc00;color:#fff;stroke:#000}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-soundcloud{background-color:#ff5600;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-spotify{background-color:#1bd760;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-tumblr{background-color:#011835;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-twitch{background-color:#6440a4;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-twitter{background-color:#1da1f2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-vimeo{background-color:#1eb7ea;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-vk{background-color:#4680c2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-wordpress{background-color:#3499cd;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-yelp{background-color:#d32422;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-youtube{background-color:red;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link{background:none;padding:4px}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link svg{width:28px;height:28px}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-amazon{color:#f90}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-bandcamp{color:#1ea0c3}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-behance{color:#0757fe}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-codepen{color:#1e1f26}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-deviantart{color:#02e49b}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-dribbble{color:#e94c89}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-dropbox{color:#4280ff}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-etsy{color:#f45800}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-facebook{color:#1778f2}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-fivehundredpx{color:#000}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-flickr{color:#0461dd}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-foursquare{color:#e65678}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-github{color:#24292d}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-goodreads{color:#382110}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-google{color:#ea4434}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-instagram{color:#f00075}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-lastfm{color:#e21b24}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-linkedin{color:#0d66c2}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-mastodon{color:#3288d4}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-medium{color:#02ab6c}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-meetup{color:#f6405f}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-pinterest{color:#e60122}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-pocket{color:#ef4155}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-reddit{color:#fe4500}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-skype{color:#0478d7}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-snapchat{color:#fff;stroke:#000}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-soundcloud{color:#ff5600}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-spotify{color:#1bd760}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-tumblr{color:#011835}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-twitch{color:#6440a4}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-twitter{color:#1da1f2}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-vimeo{color:#1eb7ea}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-vk{color:#4680c2}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-wordpress{color:#3499cd}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-yelp{background-color:#d32422;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-youtube{color:red}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-pill-shape .wp-social-link{width:auto}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-pill-shape .wp-social-link a{padding-left:16px;padding-right:16px}.wp-block-spacer{clear:both}p.wp-block-subhead{font-size:1.1em;font-style:italic;opacity:.75}.wp-block-table{overflow-x:auto}.wp-block-table table{width:100%}.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout{table-layout:fixed;width:100%}.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout td,.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout th{word-break:break-word}.wp-block-table.aligncenter,.wp-block-table.alignleft,.wp-block-table.alignright{display:table;width:auto}.wp-block-table.aligncenter td,.wp-block-table.aligncenter th,.wp-block-table.alignleft td,.wp-block-table.alignleft th,.wp-block-table.alignright td,.wp-block-table.alignright th{word-break:break-word}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-light-gray-background-color{background-color:#f3f4f5}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-pale-green-background-color{background-color:#e9fbe5}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-pale-blue-background-color{background-color:#e7f5fe}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-pale-pink-background-color{background-color:#fcf0ef}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes{border-spacing:0;border-collapse:inherit;background-color:transparent;border-bottom:1px solid #f0f0f0}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#f0f0f0}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-light-gray-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#f3f4f5}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-green-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#e9fbe5}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-blue-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#e7f5fe}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-pink-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#fcf0ef}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes td,.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes th{border-color:transparent}.wp-block-text-columns,.wp-block-text-columns.aligncenter{display:flex}.wp-block-text-columns .wp-block-column{margin:0 1em;padding:0}.wp-block-text-columns .wp-block-column:first-child{margin-left:0}.wp-block-text-columns .wp-block-column:last-child{margin-right:0}.wp-block-text-columns.columns-2 .wp-block-column{width:50%}.wp-block-text-columns.columns-3 .wp-block-column{width:33.33333%}.wp-block-text-columns.columns-4 .wp-block-column{width:25%}.wp-block-video{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}.wp-block-video video{max-width:100%}@supports ((position:-webkit-sticky) or (position:sticky)){.wp-block-video [poster]{object-fit:cover}}.wp-block-video.aligncenter{text-align:center}.wp-block-video figcaption{margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:1em}.wp-block-post-featured-image a{display:inline-block}:root .has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color:#f78da7}:root .has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color:#cf2e2e}:root .has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color:#ff6900}:root .has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color:#fcb900}:root .has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color:#7bdcb5}:root .has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color:#00d084}:root .has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color:#8ed1fc}:root .has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color:#0693e3}:root .has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color:#9b51e0}:root .has-white-background-color{background-color:#fff}:root .has-very-light-gray-background-color{background-color:#eee}:root .has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color:#abb8c3}:root .has-very-dark-gray-background-color{background-color:#313131}:root .has-black-background-color{background-color:#000}:root .has-pale-pink-color{color:#f78da7}:root .has-vivid-red-color{color:#cf2e2e}:root .has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color:#ff6900}:root .has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color:#fcb900}:root .has-light-green-cyan-color{color:#7bdcb5}:root .has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color:#00d084}:root .has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color:#8ed1fc}:root .has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color:#0693e3}:root .has-vivid-purple-color{color:#9b51e0}:root .has-white-color{color:#fff}:root .has-very-light-gray-color{color:#eee}:root .has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color:#abb8c3}:root .has-very-dark-gray-color{color:#313131}:root .has-black-color{color:#000}:root .has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#0693e3,#9b51e0)}:root .has-vivid-green-cyan-to-vivid-cyan-blue-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#00d084,#0693e3)}:root .has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#7adcb4,#00d082)}:root .has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fcb900,#ff6900)}:root .has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#ff6900,#cf2e2e)}:root .has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#eee,#a9b8c3)}:root .has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#4aeadc,#9778d1 20%,#cf2aba 40%,#ee2c82 60%,#fb6962 80%,#fef84c)}:root .has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffceec,#9896f0)}:root .has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fecda5,#fe2d2d 50%,#6b003e)}:root .has-purple-crush-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#34e2e4,#4721fb 50%,#ab1dfe)}:root .has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffcb70,#c751c0 50%,#4158d0)}:root .has-hazy-dawn-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#faaca8,#dad0ec)}:root .has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fff5cb,#b6e3d4 50%,#33a7b5)}:root .has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#caf880,#71ce7e)}:root .has-subdued-olive-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fafae1,#67a671)}:root .has-atomic-cream-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fdd79a,#004a59)}:root .has-nightshade-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#330968,#31cdcf)}:root .has-midnight-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#020381,#2874fc)}:root .has-link-color a{color:#00e;color:var(--wp--style--color--link,#00e)}.has-small-font-size{font-size:.8125em}.has-normal-font-size,.has-regular-font-size{font-size:1em}.has-medium-font-size{font-size:1.25em}.has-large-font-size{font-size:2.25em}.has-huge-font-size,.has-larger-font-size{font-size:2.625em}.has-text-align-center{text-align:center}.has-text-align-left{text-align:left}.has-text-align-right{text-align:right}#end-resizable-editor-section{display:none}.aligncenter{clear:both}
.wpcf7 .screen-reader-response{position:absolute;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);height:1px;width:1px;margin:0;padding:0;border:0}.wpcf7 form .wpcf7-response-output{margin:2em .5em 1em;padding:.2em 1em;border:2px solid #00a0d2}.wpcf7 form.init .wpcf7-response-output{display:none}.wpcf7 form.sent .wpcf7-response-output{border-color:#46b450}.wpcf7 form.failed .wpcf7-response-output,.wpcf7 form.aborted .wpcf7-response-output{border-color:#dc3232}.wpcf7 form.spam .wpcf7-response-output{border-color:#f56e28}.wpcf7 form.invalid .wpcf7-response-output,.wpcf7 form.unaccepted .wpcf7-response-output{border-color:#ffb900}.wpcf7-form-control-wrap{position:relative}.wpcf7-not-valid-tip{color:#dc3232;font-size:1em;font-weight:400;display:block}.use-floating-validation-tip .wpcf7-not-valid-tip{position:absolute;top:20%;left:20%;z-index:100;border:1px solid #dc3232;background:#fff;padding:.2em .8em}span.wpcf7-list-item{display:inline-block;margin:0 0 0 1em}span.wpcf7-list-item-label:before,span.wpcf7-list-item-label:after{content:" "}div.wpcf7 .ajax-loader{visibility:hidden;display:inline-block;background-image:url(data:image/gif;base64,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);width:16px;height:16px;border:none;padding:0;margin:0 0 0 4px;vertical-align:middle}div.wpcf7 .ajax-loader.is-active{visibility:visible}div.wpcf7 div.ajax-error{display:none}div.wpcf7 .placeheld{color:#888}div.wpcf7 input[type=file]{cursor:pointer}div.wpcf7 input[type=file]:disabled{cursor:default}div.wpcf7 .wpcf7-submit:disabled{cursor:not-allowed}.wpcf7 input[type=url],.wpcf7 input[type=email],.wpcf7 input[type=tel]{direction:ltr}
/*! jQuery UI - v1.12.1 - 2019-11-24
* http://jqueryui.com
* Includes: core.css, accordion.css, theme.css
* To view and modify this theme, visit http://jqueryui.com/themeroller/?scope=&folderName=base&cornerRadiusShadow=8px&offsetLeftShadow=0px&offsetTopShadow=0px&thicknessShadow=5px&opacityShadow=30&bgImgOpacityShadow=0&bgTextureShadow=flat&bgColorShadow=666666&opacityOverlay=30&bgImgOpacityOverlay=0&bgTextureOverlay=flat&bgColorOverlay=aaaaaa&iconColorError=cc0000&fcError=5f3f3f&borderColorError=f1a899&bgTextureError=flat&bgColorError=fddfdf&iconColorHighlight=777620&fcHighlight=777620&borderColorHighlight=dad55e&bgTextureHighlight=flat&bgColorHighlight=fffa90&iconColorActive=ffffff&fcActive=ffffff&borderColorActive=003eff&bgTextureActive=flat&bgColorActive=007fff&iconColorHover=555555&fcHover=2b2b2b&borderColorHover=cccccc&bgTextureHover=flat&bgColorHover=ededed&iconColorDefault=777777&fcDefault=454545&borderColorDefault=c5c5c5&bgTextureDefault=flat&bgColorDefault=f6f6f6&iconColorContent=444444&fcContent=333333&borderColorContent=dddddd&bgTextureContent=flat&bgColorContent=ffffff&iconColorHeader=444444&fcHeader=333333&borderColorHeader=dddddd&bgTextureHeader=flat&bgColorHeader=e9e9e9&cornerRadius=3px&fwDefault=normal&fsDefault=1em&ffDefault=Arial%2CHelvetica%2Csans-serif
* Copyright jQuery Foundation and other contributors; Licensed MIT */
.ui-helper-hidden{display:none}.ui-helper-hidden-accessible{border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}.ui-helper-reset{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;outline:0;line-height:1.3;text-decoration:none;font-size:100%;list-style:none}.ui-helper-clearfix:before,.ui-helper-clearfix:after{content:"";display:table;border-collapse:collapse}.ui-helper-clearfix:after{clear:both}.ui-helper-zfix{width:100%;height:100%;top:0;left:0;position:absolute;opacity:0;filter:Alpha(Opacity=0)}.ui-front{z-index:100}.ui-state-disabled{cursor:default !important;pointer-events:none}.ui-icon{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;margin-top:-.25em;position:relative;text-indent:-99999px;overflow:hidden;background-repeat:no-repeat}.ui-widget-icon-block{left:50%;margin-left:-8px;display:block}.ui-widget-overlay{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%}.ui-accordion .ui-accordion-header{display:block;cursor:pointer;position:relative;margin:2px 0 0;padding:.5em .5em .5em .7em;font-size:100%}.ui-accordion .ui-accordion-content{padding:.3em 1.4em;border-top:0;overflow:auto}.ui-widget{font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:1em}.ui-widget .ui-widget{font-size:1em}.ui-widget input,.ui-widget select,.ui-widget textarea,.ui-widget button{font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:1em}.ui-widget.ui-widget-content{border:1px solid #c5c5c5}.ui-widget-content{border:1px solid #ddd;background:#fff;color:#333}.ui-widget-content a{color:#333}.ui-widget-header{border:1px solid #ddd;background:#e9e9e9;color:#333;font-weight:700}.ui-widget-header a{color:#333}.ui-state-default,.ui-widget-content .ui-state-default,.ui-widget-header .ui-state-default,.ui-button,html .ui-button.ui-state-disabled:hover,html .ui-button.ui-state-disabled:active{border:1px solid #c5c5c5;background:#f6f6f6;font-weight:400;color:#454545}.ui-state-default a,.ui-state-default a:link,.ui-state-default a:visited,a.ui-button,a:link.ui-button,a:visited.ui-button,.ui-button{color:#454545;text-decoration:none}.ui-state-hover,.ui-widget-content .ui-state-hover,.ui-widget-header .ui-state-hover,.ui-state-focus,.ui-widget-content .ui-state-focus,.ui-widget-header .ui-state-focus,.ui-button:hover,.ui-button:focus{border:1px solid #ccc;background:#ededed;font-weight:400;color:#2b2b2b}.ui-state-hover a,.ui-state-hover a:hover,.ui-state-hover a:link,.ui-state-hover a:visited,.ui-state-focus a,.ui-state-focus a:hover,.ui-state-focus a:link,.ui-state-focus a:visited,a.ui-button:hover,a.ui-button:focus{color:#2b2b2b;text-decoration:none}.ui-visual-focus{box-shadow:0 0 3px 1px #5e9ed6}.ui-state-active,.ui-widget-content .ui-state-active,.ui-widget-header .ui-state-active,a.ui-button:active,.ui-button:active,.ui-button.ui-state-active:hover{font-weight:400;background-color:#fff}.ui-icon-background,.ui-state-active .ui-icon-background{border:#003eff;background-color:#fff}.ui-state-active a,.ui-state-active a:link,.ui-state-active a:visited{color:#fff;text-decoration:none}.ui-state-highlight,.ui-widget-content .ui-state-highlight,.ui-widget-header .ui-state-highlight{border:1px solid #dad55e;background:#fffa90;color:#777620}.ui-state-checked{border:1px solid #dad55e;background:#fffa90}.ui-state-highlight a,.ui-widget-content .ui-state-highlight a,.ui-widget-header .ui-state-highlight a{color:#777620}.ui-state-error,.ui-widget-content .ui-state-error,.ui-widget-header .ui-state-error{border:1px solid #f1a899;background:#fddfdf;color:#5f3f3f}.ui-state-error a,.ui-widget-content .ui-state-error a,.ui-widget-header .ui-state-error a{color:#5f3f3f}.ui-state-error-text,.ui-widget-content .ui-state-error-text,.ui-widget-header .ui-state-error-text{color:#5f3f3f}.ui-priority-primary,.ui-widget-content .ui-priority-primary,.ui-widget-header .ui-priority-primary{font-weight:700}.ui-priority-secondary,.ui-widget-content .ui-priority-secondary,.ui-widget-header .ui-priority-secondary{opacity:.7;filter:Alpha(Opacity=70);font-weight:400}.ui-state-disabled,.ui-widget-content .ui-state-disabled,.ui-widget-header .ui-state-disabled{opacity:.35;filter:Alpha(Opacity=35);background-image:none}.ui-state-disabled .ui-icon{filter:Alpha(Opacity=35)}.ui-icon{width:16px;height:16px}.ui-icon,.ui-widget-content .ui-icon{background-image:url(//www.cografyabilimi.gen.tr/wp-content/plugins/faq-schema-for-pages-and-posts/css/images/ui-icons_444444_256x240.png)}.ui-widget-header .ui-icon{background-image:url(//www.cografyabilimi.gen.tr/wp-content/plugins/faq-schema-for-pages-and-posts/css/images/ui-icons_444444_256x240.png)}.ui-state-hover .ui-icon,.ui-state-focus .ui-icon,.ui-button:hover .ui-icon,.ui-button:focus .ui-icon{background-image:url(//www.cografyabilimi.gen.tr/wp-content/plugins/faq-schema-for-pages-and-posts/css/images/ui-icons_555555_256x240.png)}.ui-state-active .ui-icon,.ui-button:active .ui-icon{background-image:url(//www.cografyabilimi.gen.tr/wp-content/plugins/faq-schema-for-pages-and-posts/css/images/ui-icons_ffffff_256x240.png)}.ui-state-highlight .ui-icon,.ui-button .ui-state-highlight.ui-icon{background-image:url(//www.cografyabilimi.gen.tr/wp-content/plugins/faq-schema-for-pages-and-posts/css/images/ui-icons_777620_256x240.png)}.ui-state-error .ui-icon,.ui-state-error-text .ui-icon{background-image:url(//www.cografyabilimi.gen.tr/wp-content/plugins/faq-schema-for-pages-and-posts/css/images/ui-icons_cc0000_256x240.png)}.ui-button .ui-icon{background-image:url(//www.cografyabilimi.gen.tr/wp-content/plugins/faq-schema-for-pages-and-posts/css/images/ui-icons_777777_256x240.png)}.ui-icon-blank{background-position:16px 16px}.ui-icon-caret-1-n{background-position:0 0}.ui-icon-caret-1-ne{background-position:-16px 0}.ui-icon-caret-1-e{background-position:-32px 0}.ui-icon-caret-1-se{background-position:-48px 0}.ui-icon-caret-1-s{background-position:-65px 0}.ui-icon-caret-1-sw{background-position:-80px 0}.ui-icon-caret-1-w{background-position:-96px 0}.ui-icon-caret-1-nw{background-position:-112px 0}.ui-icon-caret-2-n-s{background-position:-128px 0}.ui-icon-caret-2-e-w{background-position:-144px 0}.ui-icon-triangle-1-n{background-position:0 -16px}.ui-icon-triangle-1-ne{background-position:-16px -16px}.ui-icon-triangle-1-e{background-position:-32px -16px}.ui-icon-triangle-1-se{background-position:-48px -16px}.ui-icon-triangle-1-s{background-position:-65px -16px}.ui-icon-triangle-1-sw{background-position:-80px -16px}.ui-icon-triangle-1-w{background-position:-96px -16px}.ui-icon-triangle-1-nw{background-position:-112px -16px}.ui-icon-triangle-2-n-s{background-position:-128px -16px}.ui-icon-triangle-2-e-w{background-position:-144px -16px}.ui-icon-arrow-1-n{background-position:0 -32px}.ui-icon-arrow-1-ne{background-position:-16px -32px}.ui-icon-arrow-1-e{background-position:-32px -32px}.ui-icon-arrow-1-se{background-position:-48px -32px}.ui-icon-arrow-1-s{background-position:-65px -32px}.ui-icon-arrow-1-sw{background-position:-80px -32px}.ui-icon-arrow-1-w{background-position:-96px -32px}.ui-icon-arrow-1-nw{background-position:-112px -32px}.ui-icon-arrow-2-n-s{background-position:-128px -32px}.ui-icon-arrow-2-ne-sw{background-position:-144px -32px}.ui-icon-arrow-2-e-w{background-position:-160px -32px}.ui-icon-arrow-2-se-nw{background-position:-176px -32px}.ui-icon-arrowstop-1-n{background-position:-192px -32px}.ui-icon-arrowstop-1-e{background-position:-208px -32px}.ui-icon-arrowstop-1-s{background-position:-224px -32px}.ui-icon-arrowstop-1-w{background-position:-240px -32px}.ui-icon-arrowthick-1-n{background-position:1px -48px}.ui-icon-arrowthick-1-ne{background-position:-16px -48px}.ui-icon-arrowthick-1-e{background-position:-32px -48px}.ui-icon-arrowthick-1-se{background-position:-48px -48px}.ui-icon-arrowthick-1-s{background-position:-64px -48px}.ui-icon-arrowthick-1-sw{background-position:-80px -48px}.ui-icon-arrowthick-1-w{background-position:-96px -48px}.ui-icon-arrowthick-1-nw{background-position:-112px -48px}.ui-icon-arrowthick-2-n-s{background-position:-128px -48px}.ui-icon-arrowthick-2-ne-sw{background-position:-144px -48px}.ui-icon-arrowthick-2-e-w{background-position:-160px -48px}.ui-icon-arrowthick-2-se-nw{background-position:-176px -48px}.ui-icon-arrowthickstop-1-n{background-position:-192px -48px}.ui-icon-arrowthickstop-1-e{background-position:-208px -48px}.ui-icon-arrowthickstop-1-s{background-position:-224px -48px}.ui-icon-arrowthickstop-1-w{background-position:-240px -48px}.ui-icon-arrowreturnthick-1-w{background-position:0 -64px}.ui-icon-arrowreturnthick-1-n{background-position:-16px -64px}.ui-icon-arrowreturnthick-1-e{background-position:-32px -64px}.ui-icon-arrowreturnthick-1-s{background-position:-48px -64px}.ui-icon-arrowreturn-1-w{background-position:-64px -64px}.ui-icon-arrowreturn-1-n{background-position:-80px -64px}.ui-icon-arrowreturn-1-e{background-position:-96px -64px}.ui-icon-arrowreturn-1-s{background-position:-112px -64px}.ui-icon-arrowrefresh-1-w{background-position:-128px -64px}.ui-icon-arrowrefresh-1-n{background-position:-144px -64px}.ui-icon-arrowrefresh-1-e{background-position:-160px -64px}.ui-icon-arrowrefresh-1-s{background-position:-176px -64px}.ui-icon-arrow-4{background-position:0 -80px}.ui-icon-arrow-4-diag{background-position:-16px -80px}.ui-icon-extlink{background-position:-32px -80px}.ui-icon-newwin{background-position:-48px -80px}.ui-icon-refresh{background-position:-64px -80px}.ui-icon-shuffle{background-position:-80px -80px}.ui-icon-transfer-e-w{background-position:-96px -80px}.ui-icon-transferthick-e-w{background-position:-112px -80px}.ui-icon-folder-collapsed{background-position:0 -96px}.ui-icon-folder-open{background-position:-16px -96px}.ui-icon-document{background-position:-32px -96px}.ui-icon-document-b{background-position:-48px -96px}.ui-icon-note{background-position:-64px -96px}.ui-icon-mail-closed{background-position:-80px -96px}.ui-icon-mail-open{background-position:-96px -96px}.ui-icon-suitcase{background-position:-112px -96px}.ui-icon-comment{background-position:-128px -96px}.ui-icon-person{background-position:-144px -96px}.ui-icon-print{background-position:-160px -96px}.ui-icon-trash{background-position:-176px -96px}.ui-icon-locked{background-position:-192px -96px}.ui-icon-unlocked{background-position:-208px -96px}.ui-icon-bookmark{background-position:-224px -96px}.ui-icon-tag{background-position:-240px -96px}.ui-icon-home{background-position:0 -112px}.ui-icon-flag{background-position:-16px -112px}.ui-icon-calendar{background-position:-32px -112px}.ui-icon-cart{background-position:-48px -112px}.ui-icon-pencil{background-position:-64px -112px}.ui-icon-clock{background-position:-80px -112px}.ui-icon-disk{background-position:-96px -112px}.ui-icon-calculator{background-position:-112px -112px}.ui-icon-zoomin{background-position:-128px -112px}.ui-icon-zoomout{background-position:-144px -112px}.ui-icon-search{background-position:-160px -112px}.ui-icon-wrench{background-position:-176px -112px}.ui-icon-gear{background-position:-192px -112px}.ui-icon-heart{background-position:-208px -112px}.ui-icon-star{background-position:-224px -112px}.ui-icon-link{background-position:-240px -112px}.ui-icon-cancel{background-position:0 -128px}.ui-icon-plus{background-position:-16px -128px}.ui-icon-plusthick{background-position:-32px -128px}.ui-icon-minus{background-position:-48px -128px}.ui-icon-minusthick{background-position:-64px -128px}.ui-icon-close{background-position:-80px -128px}.ui-icon-closethick{background-position:-96px -128px}.ui-icon-key{background-position:-112px -128px}.ui-icon-lightbulb{background-position:-128px -128px}.ui-icon-scissors{background-position:-144px -128px}.ui-icon-clipboard{background-position:-160px -128px}.ui-icon-copy{background-position:-176px -128px}.ui-icon-contact{background-position:-192px -128px}.ui-icon-image{background-position:-208px -128px}.ui-icon-video{background-position:-224px -128px}.ui-icon-script{background-position:-240px -128px}.ui-icon-alert{background-position:0 -144px}.ui-icon-info{background-position:-16px -144px}.ui-icon-notice{background-position:-32px -144px}.ui-icon-help{background-position:-48px -144px}.ui-icon-check{background-position:-64px -144px}.ui-icon-bullet{background-position:-80px -144px}.ui-icon-radio-on{background-position:-96px -144px}.ui-icon-radio-off{background-position:-112px -144px}.ui-icon-pin-w{background-position:-128px -144px}.ui-icon-pin-s{background-position:-144px -144px}.ui-icon-play{background-position:0 -160px}.ui-icon-pause{background-position:-16px -160px}.ui-icon-seek-next{background-position:-32px -160px}.ui-icon-seek-prev{background-position:-48px -160px}.ui-icon-seek-end{background-position:-64px -160px}.ui-icon-seek-start{background-position:-80px -160px}.ui-icon-seek-first{background-position:-80px -160px}.ui-icon-stop{background-position:-96px -160px}.ui-icon-eject{background-position:-112px -160px}.ui-icon-volume-off{background-position:-128px -160px}.ui-icon-volume-on{background-position:-144px -160px}.ui-icon-power{background-position:0 -176px}.ui-icon-signal-diag{background-position:-16px -176px}.ui-icon-signal{background-position:-32px -176px}.ui-icon-battery-0{background-position:-48px -176px}.ui-icon-battery-1{background-position:-64px -176px}.ui-icon-battery-2{background-position:-80px -176px}.ui-icon-battery-3{background-position:-96px -176px}.ui-icon-circle-plus{background-position:0 -192px}.ui-icon-circle-minus{background-position:-16px -192px}.ui-icon-circle-close{background-position:-32px -192px}.ui-icon-circle-triangle-e{background-position:-48px -192px}.ui-icon-circle-triangle-s{background-position:-64px -192px}.ui-icon-circle-triangle-w{background-position:-80px -192px}.ui-icon-circle-triangle-n{background-position:-96px -192px}.ui-icon-circle-arrow-e{background-position:-112px -192px}.ui-icon-circle-arrow-s{background-position:-128px -192px}.ui-icon-circle-arrow-w{background-position:-144px -192px}.ui-icon-circle-arrow-n{background-position:-160px -192px}.ui-icon-circle-zoomin{background-position:-176px -192px}.ui-icon-circle-zoomout{background-position:-192px -192px}.ui-icon-circle-check{background-position:-208px -192px}.ui-icon-circlesmall-plus{background-position:0 -208px}.ui-icon-circlesmall-minus{background-position:-16px -208px}.ui-icon-circlesmall-close{background-position:-32px -208px}.ui-icon-squaresmall-plus{background-position:-48px -208px}.ui-icon-squaresmall-minus{background-position:-64px -208px}.ui-icon-squaresmall-close{background-position:-80px -208px}.ui-icon-grip-dotted-vertical{background-position:0 -224px}.ui-icon-grip-dotted-horizontal{background-position:-16px -224px}.ui-icon-grip-solid-vertical{background-position:-32px -224px}.ui-icon-grip-solid-horizontal{background-position:-48px -224px}.ui-icon-gripsmall-diagonal-se{background-position:-64px -224px}.ui-icon-grip-diagonal-se{background-position:-80px -224px}.ui-corner-all,.ui-corner-top,.ui-corner-left,.ui-corner-tl{border-top-left-radius:3px}.ui-corner-all,.ui-corner-top,.ui-corner-right,.ui-corner-tr{border-top-right-radius:3px}.ui-corner-all,.ui-corner-bottom,.ui-corner-left,.ui-corner-bl{border-bottom-left-radius:3px}.ui-corner-all,.ui-corner-bottom,.ui-corner-right,.ui-corner-br{border-bottom-right-radius:3px}.ui-widget-overlay{background:#aaa;opacity:.3;filter:Alpha(Opacity=30)}.ui-widget-shadow{-webkit-box-shadow:0px 0px 5px #666;box-shadow:0px 0px 5px #666}
@font-face{font-display:swap;font-family:ez-toc-icomoon;src:url(//www.cografyabilimi.gen.tr/wp-content/plugins/easy-table-of-contents/vendor/icomoon/fonts/ez-toc-icomoon.eot);src:url(//www.cografyabilimi.gen.tr/wp-content/plugins/easy-table-of-contents/vendor/icomoon/fonts/ez-toc-icomoon.eot?#iefix) format('embedded-opentype'),url(//www.cografyabilimi.gen.tr/wp-content/plugins/easy-table-of-contents/vendor/icomoon/fonts/ez-toc-icomoon.woff2) format('woff2'),url(//www.cografyabilimi.gen.tr/wp-content/plugins/easy-table-of-contents/vendor/icomoon/fonts/ez-toc-icomoon.woff) format('woff'),url(//www.cografyabilimi.gen.tr/wp-content/plugins/easy-table-of-contents/vendor/icomoon/fonts/ez-toc-icomoon.ttf) format('truetype'),url(//www.cografyabilimi.gen.tr/wp-content/plugins/easy-table-of-contents/vendor/icomoon/fonts/ez-toc-icomoon.svg#ez-toc-icomoon) format('svg');font-weight:400;font-style:normal}/*!* Better Font Rendering =========== *!*/
#ez-toc-container{background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.05);display:table;margin-bottom:1em;padding:10px;position:relative;width:auto}div.ez-toc-widget-container{padding:0;position:relative}#ez-toc-container.ez-toc-light-blue{background:#edf6ff}#ez-toc-container.ez-toc-white{background:#fff}#ez-toc-container.ez-toc-black{background:#000}#ez-toc-container.ez-toc-transparent{background:none transparent}div.ez-toc-widget-container ul{display:block}div.ez-toc-widget-container li{border:none;padding:0}div.ez-toc-widget-container ul.ez-toc-list{padding:10px}#ez-toc-container ul ul,.ez-toc div.ez-toc-widget-container ul ul{margin-left:1.5em}#ez-toc-container li,#ez-toc-container ul{margin:0;padding:0}#ez-toc-container li,#ez-toc-container ul,#ez-toc-container ul li,div.ez-toc-widget-container,div.ez-toc-widget-container li{background:0 0;list-style:none none;line-height:1.6;margin:0;overflow:hidden;z-index:1}#ez-toc-container p.ez-toc-title{text-align:left;line-height:1.45;margin:0;padding:0}.ez-toc-title-container{display:table;width:100%}.ez-toc-title,.ez-toc-title-toggle{display:table-cell;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle}#ez-toc-container.ez-toc-black p.ez-toc-title{color:#fff}#ez-toc-container div.ez-toc-title-container+ul.ez-toc-list{margin-top:1em}.ez-toc-wrap-left{float:left;margin-right:10px}.ez-toc-wrap-right{float:right;margin-left:10px}#ez-toc-container a{color:#444;text-decoration:none;text-shadow:none}#ez-toc-container a:visited{color:#9f9f9f}#ez-toc-container a:hover{text-decoration:underline}#ez-toc-container.ez-toc-black a{color:#fff}#ez-toc-container.ez-toc-black a:visited{color:#fff}#ez-toc-container a.ez-toc-toggle{color:#444}#ez-toc-container.counter-flat ul,#ez-toc-container.counter-hierarchy ul,.ez-toc-widget-container.counter-flat ul,.ez-toc-widget-container.counter-hierarchy ul{counter-reset:item}#ez-toc-container.counter-numeric li,.ez-toc-widget-container.counter-numeric li{list-style-type:decimal;list-style-position:inside}#ez-toc-container.counter-decimal ul.ez-toc-list li a::before,.ez-toc-widget-container.counter-decimal ul.ez-toc-list li a::before{content:counters(item, ".") ". ";counter-increment:item}#ez-toc-container.counter-roman li a::before,.ez-toc-widget-container.counter-roman ul.ez-toc-list li a::before{content:counters(item, ".", upper-roman) ". ";counter-increment:item}.ez-toc-widget-container ul.ez-toc-list li::before{content:' ';position:absolute;left:0;right:0;height:30px;line-height:30px;z-index:-1}.ez-toc-widget-container ul.ez-toc-list li.active::before{background-color:#ededed}.ez-toc-widget-container li.active>a{font-weight:900}.ez-toc-btn{display:inline-block;padding:6px 12px;margin-bottom:0;font-size:14px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.428571429;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:middle;cursor:pointer;background-image:none;border:1px solid transparent;border-radius:4px;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;-o-user-select:none;user-select:none}.ez-toc-btn:focus{outline:thin dotted #333;outline:5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;outline-offset:-2px}.ez-toc-btn:focus,.ez-toc-btn:hover{color:#333;text-decoration:none}.ez-toc-btn.active,.ez-toc-btn:active{background-image:none;outline:0;box-shadow:inset 0 3px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.125)}.ez-toc-btn-default{color:#333;background-color:#fff;border-color:#ccc}.ez-toc-btn-default.active,.ez-toc-btn-default:active,.ez-toc-btn-default:focus,.ez-toc-btn-default:hover{color:#333;background-color:#ebebeb;border-color:#adadad}.ez-toc-btn-default.active,.ez-toc-btn-default:active{background-image:none}.ez-toc-btn-sm,.ez-toc-btn-xs{padding:5px 10px;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5;border-radius:3px}.ez-toc-btn-xs{padding:1px 5px}.ez-toc-btn-default{text-shadow:0 -1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2);box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.15),0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.075)}.ez-toc-btn-default:active{box-shadow:inset 0 3px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.125)}.btn.active,.ez-toc-btn:active{background-image:none}.ez-toc-btn-default{text-shadow:0 1px 0 #fff;background-image:linear-gradient(to bottom,#fff 0,#e0e0e0 100%);background-repeat:repeat-x;border-color:#dbdbdb;border-color:#ccc}.ez-toc-btn-default:focus,.ez-toc-btn-default:hover{background-color:#e0e0e0;background-position:0 -15px}.ez-toc-btn-default.active,.ez-toc-btn-default:active{background-color:#e0e0e0;border-color:#dbdbdb}.ez-toc-pull-right{float:right!important;margin-left:10px}.ez-toc-glyphicon{position:relative;top:1px;display:inline-block;font-family:'Glyphicons Halflings';-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;line-height:1;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}.ez-toc-glyphicon:empty{width:1em}.ez-toc-toggle i.ez-toc-glyphicon{font-size:16px;margin-left:2px}[class*=ez-toc-icon-]{font-family:ez-toc-icomoon!important;speak:none;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}.ez-toc-icon-toggle:before{content:"\e87a"}
div#ez-toc-container p.ez-toc-title{font-size:120%}div#ez-toc-container p.ez-toc-title{font-weight:500}div#ez-toc-container ul li{font-size:95%}
.footer-widgets-container{padding:40px}.inside-footer-widgets{display:flex}.inside-footer-widgets>div{flex:1 1 0}.site-footer .footer-widgets-container .inner-padding{padding:0 0 0 40px}.site-footer .footer-widgets-container .inside-footer-widgets{margin-left:-40px}.top-bar{font-weight:400;text-transform:none;font-size:13px}.top-bar .inside-top-bar{display:flex;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap}.top-bar .inside-top-bar .widget{padding:0;display:inline-block;margin-bottom:0}.top-bar .inside-top-bar .textwidget p:last-child{margin:0}.top-bar .widget-title{display:none}.top-bar .widget{margin:0 10px}.top-bar .widget_nav_menu>div>ul{display:flex;align-items:center}.top-bar .widget_nav_menu li{margin:0 10px;padding:0}.top-bar .widget_nav_menu li:first-child{margin-left:0}.top-bar .widget_nav_menu li:last-child{margin-right:0}.top-bar .widget_nav_menu li ul{display:none}.inside-top-bar{padding:10px 40px}div.top-bar .widget{margin-bottom:0}.top-bar-align-right .widget{margin-right:0}.top-bar-align-right .widget:first-child{margin-left:auto}.top-bar-align-right .widget:nth-child(even){order:-20}.top-bar-align-right .widget:nth-child(2){margin-left:0}.top-bar-align-left .widget{margin-left:0}.top-bar-align-left .widget:nth-child(odd){order:-20}.top-bar-align-left .widget:nth-child(2){margin-left:auto}.top-bar-align-left .widget:last-child{margin-right:0}.top-bar-align-center .widget:first-child{margin-left:auto}.top-bar-align-center .widget:last-child{margin-right:auto}.top-bar-align-center .widget:not(:first-child):not(:last-child){margin:0 5px}.footer-bar-active .footer-bar .widget{padding:0}.footer-bar .widget_nav_menu>div>ul{display:flex;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap}.footer-bar .widget_nav_menu li{margin:0 10px;padding:0}.footer-bar .widget_nav_menu li:first-child{margin-left:0}.footer-bar .widget_nav_menu li:last-child{margin-right:0}.footer-bar .widget_nav_menu li ul{display:none}.footer-bar .textwidget p:last-child{margin:0}.footer-bar .widget-title{display:none}.footer-bar-align-right .copyright-bar{order:-20;margin-right:auto}.footer-bar-align-left .copyright-bar{margin-left:auto}.footer-bar-align-center .inside-site-info{flex-direction:column}.footer-bar-align-center .footer-bar{margin-bottom:10px}.site-footer:not(.footer-bar-active) .copyright-bar{margin:0 auto}@media (max-width:768px){.top-bar .inside-top-bar{justify-content:center}.top-bar .inside-top-bar>.widget{order:1;margin:0 10px}.top-bar .inside-top-bar:first-child{margin-left:auto}.top-bar .inside-top-bar:last-child{margin-right:auto}.top-bar .widget_nav_menu li{padding:5px 0}.top-bar-align-center{text-align:center}.inside-footer-widgets{flex-direction:column}.inside-footer-widgets>div:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:40px}.site-footer .footer-widgets .footer-widgets-container .inside-footer-widgets{margin:0}.site-footer .footer-widgets .footer-widgets-container .inner-padding{padding:0}.footer-bar-active .inside-site-info{flex-direction:column}.footer-bar-active .footer-bar{margin-bottom:10px}.footer-bar .widget_nav_menu>div>ul{justify-content:center}.footer-bar .widget_nav_menu li{padding:5px 0}.footer-bar .widget_nav_menu li:first-child{margin-left:10px}.footer-bar .widget_nav_menu li:last-child{margin-right:10px}.footer-bar-align-left .copyright-bar{margin-left:0}.footer-bar-align-right .copyright-bar{order:unset;margin-right:0}}
blockquote,body,dd,dl,dt,fieldset,figure,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,hr,html,iframe,legend,li,ol,p,pre,textarea,ul{margin:0;padding:0;border:0}html{font-family:sans-serif;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}main{display:block}progress{vertical-align:baseline}html{box-sizing:border-box}*,::after,::before{box-sizing:inherit}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;margin:0}[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:textfield;outline-offset:-2px}[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;padding:0}:-moz-focusring{outline:1px dotted ButtonText}body,button,input,select,textarea{font-family:-apple-system,system-ui,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol";font-weight:400;text-transform:none;font-size:17px;line-height:1.5}p{margin-bottom:1.5em}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit}pre{background:rgba(0,0,0,.05);font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:normal;margin-bottom:1.5em;padding:20px;overflow:auto;max-width:100%}blockquote{border-left:5px solid rgba(0,0,0,.05);padding:20px;font-size:1.2em;font-style:italic;margin:0 0 1.5em;position:relative}blockquote p:last-child{margin:0}table,td,th{border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1)}table{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;border-width:1px 0 0 1px;margin:0 0 1.5em;width:100%}td,th{padding:8px}th{border-width:0 1px 1px 0}td{border-width:0 1px 1px 0}hr{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.1);border:0;height:1px;margin-bottom:40px;margin-top:40px}fieldset{padding:0;border:0;min-width:inherit}fieldset legend{padding:0;margin-bottom:1.5em}h1{font-size:42px;margin-bottom:20px;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:400;text-transform:none}h2{font-size:35px;margin-bottom:20px;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:400;text-transform:none}h3{font-size:29px;margin-bottom:20px;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:400;text-transform:none}h4{font-size:24px}h5{font-size:20px}h4,h5,h6{margin-bottom:20px}ol,ul{margin:0 0 1.5em 3em}ul{list-style:disc}ol{list-style:decimal}li>ol,li>ul{margin-bottom:0;margin-left:1.5em}dt{font-weight:700}dd{margin:0 1.5em 1.5em}b,strong{font-weight:700}cite,dfn,em,i{font-style:italic}address{margin:0 0 1.5em}code,kbd,tt,var{font:15px Monaco,Consolas,"Andale Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace}abbr,acronym{border-bottom:1px dotted #666;cursor:help}ins,mark{text-decoration:none}sub,sup{font-size:75%;height:0;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}sup{bottom:1ex}sub{top:.5ex}small{font-size:75%}big{font-size:125%}figure{margin:0}table{margin:0 0 1.5em;width:100%}th{font-weight:700}img{height:auto;max-width:100%}button,input[type=button],input[type=reset],input[type=submit]{background:#55555e;color:#fff;border:1px solid transparent;cursor:pointer;-webkit-appearance:button;padding:10px 20px}input[type=email],input[type=number],input[type=password],input[type=search],input[type=tel],input[type=text],input[type=url],select,textarea{border:1px solid;border-radius:0;padding:10px 15px;max-width:100%}textarea{width:100%}a,button,input{transition:color .1s ease-in-out,background-color .1s ease-in-out}a,a:focus,a:hover,a:visited{text-decoration:none}.button,.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link{padding:10px 20px;display:inline-block}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link{font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.using-mouse :focus{outline:0}.using-mouse ::-moz-focus-inner{border:0}.alignleft{float:left;margin-right:1.5em}.alignright{float:right;margin-left:1.5em}.aligncenter{clear:both;display:block;margin:0 auto}.size-auto,.size-full,.size-large,.size-medium,.size-thumbnail{max-width:100%;height:auto}.no-sidebar .entry-content .alignfull{margin-left:calc(-100vw / 2 + 100% / 2);margin-right:calc(-100vw / 2 + 100% / 2);max-width:100vw;width:auto}.screen-reader-text{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute!important;width:1px;word-wrap:normal!important}.screen-reader-text:focus{background-color:#f1f1f1;border-radius:3px;box-shadow:0 0 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.6);clip:auto!important;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;color:#21759b;display:block;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:700;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000}#primary[tabindex="-1"]:focus{outline:0}.main-navigation{z-index:100;padding:0;clear:both;display:block}.main-navigation a{display:block;text-decoration:none;font-weight:400;text-transform:none;font-size:15px}.main-navigation ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding-left:0}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li a{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;line-height:60px}.inside-navigation{position:relative}.main-navigation .inside-navigation{display:flex;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-between}.main-navigation .main-nav>ul{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center}.main-navigation li{position:relative}.main-navigation .menu-bar-items{display:flex;align-items:center;font-size:15px}.main-navigation .menu-bar-items a{color:inherit}.main-navigation .menu-bar-item{position:relative}.main-navigation .menu-bar-item.search-item{z-index:20}.main-navigation .menu-bar-item>a{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;line-height:60px}.sidebar .main-navigation .main-nav{flex-basis:100%}.sidebar .main-navigation .main-nav>ul{flex-direction:column}.sidebar .main-navigation .menu-bar-items{margin:0 auto}.sidebar .main-navigation .menu-bar-items .search-item{order:10}.nav-align-center .inside-navigation{justify-content:center}.nav-align-center .main-nav>ul{justify-content:center}.nav-align-right .inside-navigation{justify-content:flex-end}.main-navigation ul ul{display:block;box-shadow:1px 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);float:left;position:absolute;left:-99999px;opacity:0;z-index:99999;width:200px;text-align:left;top:auto;transition:opacity 80ms linear;transition-delay:0s;pointer-events:none;height:0;overflow:hidden}.main-navigation ul ul a{display:block}.main-navigation ul ul li{width:100%}.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li a{line-height:normal;padding:10px 20px;font-size:14px}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li.menu-item-has-children>a{padding-right:0;position:relative}.main-navigation.sub-menu-left .sub-menu{right:0}.main-navigation:not(.toggled) ul li.sfHover>ul,.main-navigation:not(.toggled) ul li:hover>ul{left:auto;opacity:1;transition-delay:150ms;pointer-events:auto;height:auto;overflow:visible}.main-navigation:not(.toggled) ul ul li.sfHover>ul,.main-navigation:not(.toggled) ul ul li:hover>ul{left:100%;top:0}.main-navigation.sub-menu-left:not(.toggled) ul ul li.sfHover>ul,.main-navigation.sub-menu-left:not(.toggled) ul ul li:hover>ul{right:100%;left:auto}.nav-float-right .main-navigation ul ul ul{top:0}.menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{display:inline-block;height:100%;clear:both;padding-right:20px;padding-left:10px}.menu-item-has-children ul .dropdown-menu-toggle{padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-top:-10px}.sidebar .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle,nav ul ul .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{float:right}.widget-area .main-navigation li{float:none;display:block;width:100%;padding:0;margin:0}.sidebar .main-navigation.sub-menu-right ul li.sfHover ul,.sidebar .main-navigation.sub-menu-right ul li:hover ul{top:0;left:100%}.sidebar .main-navigation.sub-menu-left ul li.sfHover ul,.sidebar .main-navigation.sub-menu-left ul li:hover ul{top:0;right:100%}.site-main .comment-navigation,.site-main .post-navigation,.site-main .posts-navigation{margin:0 0 2em;overflow:hidden}.site-main .post-navigation{margin-bottom:0}.paging-navigation .nav-next,.paging-navigation .nav-previous{display:none}.paging-navigation .nav-links>*{padding:0 5px}.paging-navigation .nav-links .current{font-weight:700}.nav-links>:first-child{padding-left:0}.site-header{position:relative}.inside-header{padding:20px 40px}.main-title{margin:0;font-size:25px;line-height:1.2em;word-wrap:break-word;font-weight:700;text-transform:none}.site-description{margin:0;line-height:1.5;font-weight:400;text-transform:none;font-size:15px}.site-logo{display:inline-block;max-width:100%}.site-header .header-image{vertical-align:middle}.inside-header{display:flex;align-items:center}.header-widget{margin-left:auto}.header-widget p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.nav-float-right .header-widget{margin-left:20px}.nav-float-right #site-navigation{margin-left:auto}.nav-float-left #site-navigation{margin-right:auto;order:-10}.nav-float-left .header-widget{margin-left:0;margin-right:20px;order:-15}.header-aligned-center:not([class*=nav-float-]) .inside-header{justify-content:center;flex-direction:column;text-align:center}.header-aligned-center:not([class*=nav-float-]) .header-widget{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.header-aligned-center:not([class*=nav-float-]) .inside-header>:not(:first-child){margin-top:1em}.header-aligned-right:not([class*=nav-float-]) .inside-header{justify-content:flex-end}.header-aligned-right:not([class*=nav-float-]) .header-widget{margin-right:auto;margin-left:0;order:-10}.site-branding-container{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;text-align:left;flex-shrink:0}.site-branding-container .site-logo{margin-right:1em}.sticky{display:block}.entry-header .gp-icon,.posted-on .updated{display:none}.byline,.entry-header .cat-links,.entry-header .comments-link,.entry-header .tags-links,.group-blog .byline,.single .byline{display:inline}footer.entry-meta .byline,footer.entry-meta .posted-on{display:block}.entry-content:not(:first-child),.entry-summary:not(:first-child),.page-content:not(:first-child){margin-top:2em}.page-links{clear:both;margin:0 0 1.5em}.archive .format-aside .entry-header,.archive .format-status .entry-header,.archive .format-status .entry-meta,.archive .format-status .entry-title,.blog .format-aside .entry-header,.blog .format-status .entry-header,.blog .format-status .entry-meta,.blog .format-status .entry-title{display:none}.archive .format-aside .entry-content,.archive .format-status .entry-content,.blog .format-aside .entry-content,.blog .format-status .entry-content{margin-top:0}.archive .format-status .entry-content p:last-child,.blog .format-status .entry-content p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.entry-header,.site-content{word-wrap:break-word}.entry-title{margin-bottom:0}.author .page-header .page-title{display:flex;align-items:center}.author .page-header .avatar{margin-right:20px}.page-header .author-info>:last-child,.page-header>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.entry-meta{font-size:85%;margin-top:.5em;line-height:1.5}footer.entry-meta{margin-top:2em}.cat-links,.comments-link,.tags-links{display:block}.entry-content>p:last-child,.entry-summary>p:last-child,.page-content>p:last-child,.read-more-container,.taxonomy-description p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.wp-caption{margin-bottom:1.5em;max-width:100%;position:relative}.wp-caption img[class*=wp-image-]{display:block;margin:0 auto 0;max-width:100%}.wp-caption .wp-caption-text{font-size:75%;padding-top:5px;opacity:.8}.wp-caption img{position:relative;vertical-align:bottom}.wp-block-image figcaption{font-size:13px;text-align:center}.wp-block-gallery,ul.blocks-gallery-grid{margin-left:0}.wp-block-gallery .blocks-gallery-image figcaption,.wp-block-gallery .blocks-gallery-item figcaption{background:rgba(255,255,255,.7);color:#000;padding:10px;box-sizing:border-box}.gallery{margin-bottom:1.5em}.gallery-item{display:inline-block;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;width:100%}.gallery-columns-2 .gallery-item{max-width:50%}.gallery-columns-3 .gallery-item{max-width:33.33%}.gallery-columns-4 .gallery-item{max-width:25%}.gallery-columns-5 .gallery-item{max-width:20%}.gallery-columns-6 .gallery-item{max-width:16.66%}.gallery-columns-7 .gallery-item{max-width:14.28%}.gallery-columns-8 .gallery-item{max-width:12.5%}.gallery-columns-9 .gallery-item{max-width:11.11%}.gallery-caption{display:block}.site-main .gallery{margin-bottom:1.5em}.gallery-item img{vertical-align:bottom}.gallery-icon{padding:5px}embed,iframe,object{max-width:100%}.widget-area .widget{padding:40px}.widget select{max-width:100%}.footer-widgets .widget :last-child,.sidebar .widget :last-child{margin-bottom:0}.widget-title{margin-bottom:30px;font-size:20px;line-height:1.5;font-weight:400;text-transform:none}.widget ol,.widget ul{margin:0}.widget .search-field{width:100%}.widget .search-form{display:flex}.widget .search-form button.search-submit{font-size:15px}.footer-widgets .widget{margin-bottom:30px}.footer-widgets .widget:last-child,.sidebar .widget:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.widget ul li{list-style-type:none;position:relative;margin-bottom:.5em}.widget ul li ul{margin-left:1em;margin-top:.5em}.wp-calendar-table{table-layout:fixed}.site-content{display:flex}.grid-container{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:1200px}.page-header,.sidebar .widget,.site-main>*{margin-bottom:20px}.both-left .inside-left-sidebar,.both-right .inside-left-sidebar{margin-right:10px}.both-left .inside-right-sidebar,.both-right .inside-right-sidebar{margin-left:10px}.one-container.both-right .site-main,.one-container.right-sidebar .site-main{margin-right:40px}.one-container.both-left .site-main,.one-container.left-sidebar .site-main{margin-left:40px}.one-container.both-sidebars .site-main{margin:0 40px 0 40px}.one-container.archive .post:not(:last-child),.one-container.blog .post:not(:last-child){padding-bottom:40px}.one-container .site-content{padding:40px}.separate-containers .comments-area,.separate-containers .inside-article,.separate-containers .page-header,.separate-containers .paging-navigation{padding:40px}.separate-containers .site-main{margin:20px}.separate-containers.no-sidebar .site-main{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}.separate-containers.both-right .site-main,.separate-containers.right-sidebar .site-main{margin-left:0}.separate-containers.both-left .site-main,.separate-containers.left-sidebar .site-main{margin-right:0}.separate-containers .inside-left-sidebar,.separate-containers .inside-right-sidebar{margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px}.inside-page-header,.wp-block-group__inner-container{padding:40px}.widget-area .main-navigation{margin-bottom:20px}.one-container .site-main>:last-child,.separate-containers .site-main>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.full-width-content .container.grid-container{max-width:100%}.full-width-content.no-sidebar.separate-containers .site-main{margin:0}.full-width-content.one-container .site-content,.full-width-content.separate-containers .inside-article{padding:0}.full-width-content .entry-content .alignwide{margin-left:0;width:auto;max-width:unset}.contained-content.one-container .site-content,.contained-content.separate-containers .inside-article{padding:0}.sidebar .grid-container{max-width:100%;width:100%}.both-left .is-left-sidebar,.both-sidebars .is-left-sidebar,.left-sidebar .sidebar{order:-10}.both-left .is-right-sidebar{order:-5}.both-right .is-left-sidebar{order:5}.both-right .is-right-sidebar,.both-sidebars .is-right-sidebar{order:10}.inside-site-info{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;padding:20px 40px}.site-info{text-align:center;font-size:15px}.post-image:not(:first-child){margin-top:2em}.featured-image{line-height:0}.separate-containers .featured-image{margin-top:20px}.separate-containers .inside-article>.featured-image{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:2em}.one-container .inside-article>.featured-image{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:2em}.gp-icon{display:inline-flex;align-self:center}.gp-icon svg{height:1em;width:1em;top:.125em;position:relative;fill:currentColor}.close-search .icon-search svg:nth-child(1),.icon-menu-bars svg:nth-child(2),.icon-search svg:nth-child(2),.toggled .icon-menu-bars svg:nth-child(1){display:none}.close-search .icon-search svg:nth-child(2),.toggled .icon-menu-bars svg:nth-child(2){display:block}.entry-meta .gp-icon{margin-right:.6em;opacity:.7}nav.toggled .icon-arrow-left svg{transform:rotate(-90deg)}nav.toggled .icon-arrow-right svg{transform:rotate(90deg)}nav.toggled .sfHover>a>.dropdown-menu-toggle .gp-icon svg{transform:rotate(180deg)}nav.toggled .sfHover>a>.dropdown-menu-toggle .gp-icon.icon-arrow-left svg{transform:rotate(-270deg)}nav.toggled .sfHover>a>.dropdown-menu-toggle .gp-icon.icon-arrow-right svg{transform:rotate(270deg)}.container.grid-container{width:auto}.menu-toggle,.mobile-bar-items,.sidebar-nav-mobile{display:none}.menu-toggle{padding:0 20px;line-height:60px;margin:0;font-weight:400;text-transform:none;font-size:15px;cursor:pointer}.menu-toggle .mobile-menu{padding-left:3px}.menu-toggle .gp-icon+.mobile-menu{padding-left:9px}.menu-toggle .mobile-menu:empty{display:none}button.menu-toggle{background-color:transparent;flex-grow:1;border:0;text-align:center}button.menu-toggle:active,button.menu-toggle:focus,button.menu-toggle:hover{background-color:transparent}.has-menu-bar-items button.menu-toggle{flex-grow:0}nav.toggled ul ul.sub-menu{width:100%}.toggled .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{padding-left:20px}.main-navigation.toggled .main-nav{flex-basis:100%;order:3}.main-navigation.toggled .main-nav>ul{display:block}.main-navigation.toggled .main-nav li{width:100%;text-align:left}.main-navigation.toggled .main-nav ul ul{transition:0s;visibility:hidden}.main-navigation.toggled .main-nav ul ul.toggled-on{position:relative;top:0;left:auto!important;right:auto!important;width:100%;pointer-events:auto;height:auto;opacity:1;display:block;visibility:visible;float:none}.main-navigation.toggled .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{float:right}.mobile-menu-control-wrapper{display:none;margin-left:auto;align-items:center}.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation.toggled{margin-top:1.5em}.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation.has-active-search{margin-top:1.5em}.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation.has-active-search .nav-search-active{position:relative}.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation.has-active-search .navigation-search input{outline:auto}.nav-float-left .mobile-menu-control-wrapper{order:-10;margin-left:0;margin-right:auto;flex-direction:row-reverse}@media (max-width:768px){.hide-on-mobile{display:none!important}a,body,button,input,select,textarea{transition:all 0s ease-in-out}.inside-header{flex-direction:column;text-align:center}.site-header .header-widget{margin-top:1.5em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;text-align:center}.site-content{flex-direction:column}.container .site-content .content-area{width:auto}.is-left-sidebar.sidebar,.is-right-sidebar.sidebar{width:auto;order:initial}.is-left-sidebar+.is-right-sidebar .inside-right-sidebar{margin-top:0}.both-left .inside-left-sidebar,.both-left .inside-right-sidebar,.both-right .inside-left-sidebar,.both-right .inside-right-sidebar{margin-right:0;margin-left:0}#main{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}body:not(.no-sidebar) #main{margin-bottom:0}.alignleft,.alignright{float:none;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.comment .children{padding-left:10px;margin-left:0}.entry-meta{font-size:inherit}.entry-meta a{line-height:1.8em}}@media (min-width:769px) and (max-width:1024px){.hide-on-tablet{display:none!important}}@media (min-width:1025px){.hide-on-desktop{display:none!important}}
body{background-color:#f7f8f9;color:#222}a{color:#1e73be}a:hover,a:focus,a:active{color:#000}.wp-block-group__inner-container{max-width:1200px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}body,button,input,select,textarea{font-family:Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif}body{line-height:1.5}.entry-content>[class*=wp-block-]:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:1.5em}.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li a{font-size:14px}.sidebar .widget,.footer-widgets .widget{font-size:17px}h1{font-family:Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif}h2{font-family:Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif}h3{font-family:Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif}@media (max-width:768px){h1{font-size:31px}h2{font-size:27px}h3{font-size:24px}h4{font-size:22px}h5{font-size:19px}}.top-bar{background-color:#636363;color:#fff}.top-bar a{color:#fff}.top-bar a:hover{color:#303030}.site-header{background-color:#fff}.main-title a,.main-title a:hover{color:#222}.site-description{color:#757575}.mobile-menu-control-wrapper .menu-toggle,.mobile-menu-control-wrapper .menu-toggle:hover,.mobile-menu-control-wrapper .menu-toggle:focus,.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation.toggled{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.02)}.main-navigation,.main-navigation ul ul{background-color:#fff}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li a,.menu-toggle,.main-navigation .menu-bar-items{color:#515151}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li:hover>a,.main-navigation .main-nav ul li:focus>a,.main-navigation .main-nav ul li.sfHover>a,.main-navigation .menu-bar-item:hover>a,.main-navigation .menu-bar-item.sfHover>a{color:#7a8896;background-color:#fff}button.menu-toggle:hover,button.menu-toggle:focus{color:#515151}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li[class*=current-menu-]>a{color:#7a8896;background-color:#fff}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li[class*=current-menu-]>a:hover,.main-navigation .main-nav ul li[class*=current-menu-].sfHover>a{color:#7a8896;background-color:#fff}.navigation-search input[type=search],.navigation-search input[type=search]:active,.navigation-search input[type=search]:focus,.main-navigation .main-nav ul li.search-item.active>a,.main-navigation .menu-bar-items .search-item.active>a{color:#7a8896;background-color:#fff}.main-navigation ul ul{background-color:#eaeaea}.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li a{color:#515151}.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li:hover>a,.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li:focus>a,.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li.sfHover>a{color:#7a8896;background-color:#eaeaea}.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li[class*=current-menu-]>a{color:#7a8896;background-color:#eaeaea}.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li[class*=current-menu-]>a:hover,.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li[class*=current-menu-].sfHover>a{color:#7a8896;background-color:#eaeaea}.separate-containers .inside-article,.separate-containers .comments-area,.separate-containers .page-header,.one-container .container,.separate-containers .paging-navigation,.inside-page-header{background-color:#fff}.entry-title a{color:#222}.entry-title a:hover{color:#55555e}.entry-meta{color:#595959}.sidebar .widget{background-color:#fff}.footer-widgets{background-color:#fff}.footer-widgets .widget-title{color:#000}.site-info{color:#fff;background-color:#55555e}.site-info a{color:#fff}.site-info a:hover{color:#d3d3d3}.footer-bar .widget_nav_menu .current-menu-item a{color:#d3d3d3}input[type=text],input[type=email],input[type=url],input[type=password],input[type=search],input[type=tel],input[type=number],textarea,select{color:#666;background-color:#fafafa;border-color:#ccc}input[type=text]:focus,input[type=email]:focus,input[type=url]:focus,input[type=password]:focus,input[type=search]:focus,input[type=tel]:focus,input[type=number]:focus,textarea:focus,select:focus{color:#666;background-color:#fff;border-color:#bfbfbf}button,html input[type=button],input[type=reset],input[type=submit],a.button,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background){color:#fff;background-color:#55555e}button:hover,html input[type=button]:hover,input[type=reset]:hover,input[type=submit]:hover,a.button:hover,button:focus,html input[type=button]:focus,input[type=reset]:focus,input[type=submit]:focus,a.button:focus,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):active,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):focus,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):hover{color:#fff;background-color:#3f4047}a.generate-back-to-top{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.4);color:#fff}a.generate-back-to-top:hover,a.generate-back-to-top:focus{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);color:#fff}@media (max-width:768px){.main-navigation .menu-bar-item:hover>a,.main-navigation .menu-bar-item.sfHover>a{background:0 0;color:#515151}}.nav-below-header .main-navigation .inside-navigation.grid-container,.nav-above-header .main-navigation .inside-navigation.grid-container{padding:0 20px}.separate-containers .paging-navigation{padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px}.entry-content .alignwide,body:not(.no-sidebar) .entry-content .alignfull{margin-left:-40px;width:calc(100% + 80px);max-width:calc(100% + 80px)}.rtl .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{padding-left:20px}.rtl .main-navigation .main-nav ul li.menu-item-has-children>a{padding-right:20px}@media (max-width:768px){.separate-containers .inside-article,.separate-containers .comments-area,.separate-containers .page-header,.separate-containers .paging-navigation,.one-container .site-content,.inside-page-header,.wp-block-group__inner-container{padding:30px}.inside-top-bar{padding-right:30px;padding-left:30px}.inside-header{padding-right:30px;padding-left:30px}.widget-area .widget{padding-top:30px;padding-right:30px;padding-bottom:30px;padding-left:30px}.footer-widgets-container{padding-top:30px;padding-right:30px;padding-bottom:30px;padding-left:30px}.inside-site-info{padding-right:30px;padding-left:30px}.entry-content .alignwide,body:not(.no-sidebar) .entry-content .alignfull{margin-left:-30px;width:calc(100% + 60px);max-width:calc(100% + 60px)}.one-container .site-main .paging-navigation{margin-bottom:20px}}.is-right-sidebar{width:30%}.is-left-sidebar{width:30%}.site-content .content-area{width:70%}@media (max-width:768px){.main-navigation .menu-toggle,.sidebar-nav-mobile:not(#sticky-placeholder){display:block}.main-navigation ul,.gen-sidebar-nav,.main-navigation:not(.slideout-navigation):not(.toggled) .main-nav>ul,.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation .inside-navigation>*:not(.navigation-search):not(.main-nav){display:none}.nav-align-right .inside-navigation,.nav-align-center .inside-navigation{justify-content:space-between}.has-inline-mobile-toggle .mobile-menu-control-wrapper{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.has-inline-mobile-toggle .inside-header{flex-direction:row;text-align:left;flex-wrap:wrap}.has-inline-mobile-toggle .header-widget,.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation{flex-basis:100%}.nav-float-left .has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation{order:10}}
Doğal Çevreyi Nasıl Kullanıyoruz? - Coğrafya Bilimi İçeriğe atla İnsanların ve diğer canlıların sürekli etkileşim içinde olduğu doğal ve beşerî yaşam alanına çevre denir. İnsan, çevresine uyum sağlarken aynı zamanda onu ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda değiştirmektedir. Beslenme, barınma, ulaşım ve dinlenme gibi ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için doğal çevreden yararlanmaktadır.
Yaşamın devamı için bitkisel ya da hayvansal besin maddelerine ihtiyaç vardır. Bundan dolayı insan, Neolitik Çağ’dan itibaren iklimin elverişli olduğu verimli topraklarda tarım, mera ve çayırlarda ise hayvancılık yapmıştır. Zamanla artan nüfusun ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabilmek için daha geniş alanlara ihtiyaç duymuştur. Bu sayede barajlar ve sulama kanalları yaparak daha geniş alanlarda tarım yapma imkânı bulmuştur. Bu durum, bazı alanlarda doğal çevrenin tahrip olmasına neden olmuştur.
İnsan; zarar verici canlılardan, doğal unsurların olumsuz etkilerinden korunmak ve ayrıca dinlenmek amacıyla barınmaya ihtiyaç duymuştur. Bu ihtiyacı karşılayabilmek için doğadaki taş, toprak, ağaç gibi malzemeleri kullanarak meskenler inşa etmiştir. Teknolojinin gelişmesiyle birlikte insanın doğaya karşı bağımlılığı azalmıştır. Doğadan elde ettiği çimento, çakıl, kum ve demirden, betonarme ya da çelik yapı sistemli binalar yapmıştır.
İnsan, genellikle yerleşme için doğal ve beşerî çevre koşullarının uygun olduğu alanları tercih etmiştir. Doğadaki tatlı su kaynaklarını; içme suyu ihtiyacını karşılama, tarım alanlarını sulama ya da sanayi tesislerinde üretim amaçlı kullanmaya başlamıştır. Göl, deniz ve okyanuslardan balıkçılık, ulaşım ve turizm faaliyetlerinde yararlanan insan, akarsuların enerji potansiyelini kullanarak hidroelektrik enerjisi üretmeye başlamıştır.
Günlük hayatımızda kullandığımız hemen hemen her şeyi yaşadığımız çevreden temin etmekteyiz. Doğadan elde ettiğimiz ham maddeleri sanayi tesislerinde işleyerek kullanırız. Örneğin ağaçlar, kullandığımız ahşap malzemelerin ham maddesidir. Arabalarda, evlerde kullandığımız bazı aletlerin ya da inşaatta kullandığımız demirin kaynağı doğadaki madenlerdir. Ayrıca konutların ısıtılmasında, ulaşım araçlarının çalışmasında ve elektrik enerjisi üretiminde de petrol, doğal gaz ve kömür gibi madenlerden yararlanmaktayız. Topraktan, sudan, bitkilerden ve hayvanlardan elde ettiğimiz ham maddeleri de ihtiyaçlarımız doğrultusunda kullanırız.
İnsan, bir yerden bir yere gidebilmek ya da mal ve hizmetleri bir yere götürebilmek için ulaşıma ihtiyaç duyar. Ulaşım için de köprüler, tüneller, kara yolları, havalimanları, demir yolları ve limanlar yapmıştır. Ancak yeryüzü şekilleri, ulaşım koşularını bazen olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bu yüzden arazinin ulaşımı zorlaştırdığı yerlerde teknolojik imkanlarla köprü ve tüneller yaparak yollar, deniz kıyısında dolgu alanları oluşturarak yol ve havalimanları yapmıştır.
Asya ve Avrupa’yı birbirine bağlayan ülkemiz, uluslararası ulaşım yolları üzerinde bulunmaktadır. Ancak denizler ve boğazlardan dolayı kesintisiz bir kara yolu veya demir yolu ulaşımı sağlamak mümkün değildir. Bu yüzden İstanbul Boğazı’nın altından iki kıtayı birbirine kesintisiz bağlayan uluslararası Marmaray ve Avrasya Tüneli ulaşım hatları yapılmıştır. (Görsel 4.1.). İstanbul Boğazı’nın altından geçecek bir demir yolu tüneli ile ilgili ilk düşünce, 1860 yılında Sultan Abdülmecid tarafından dile getirildi. Bu anlamda Marmaray; teknolojik alt yapısı, ekonomik büyüklüğü, ulaşıma kazandırdığı ivme vb. birçok yenilik bakımından dünyada ilkleri içinde barındırıyor Delme ve batırma tünelleri olmak üzere 13,6 kilometresi yer altında ve deniz altında olacak şekilde toplam 76,6 km uzunluğa sahiptir.
Marmaray gibi İstanbul Boğazı’nın altından geçen Avrasya Tüneli, Asya ve Avrupa’yı iki katlı kara yolu tüneli ile birbirine bağlamaktadır. Toplam uzunluğu 14,6 km olan tünelin 5,6 km’lik kısmı deniz tabanının altından geçmektedir. Hem Türkiye’de hem de uluslararası anlamda ulaşım kolaylığı sağlayarak hizmet veren diğer bir hat da Osmangazi Köprüsü’dür (Görsel 4.2.). Uzunluğu 2.652 m olan ve İzmit Körfezi üzerine inşa edilen bu köprü, insanlara daha kısa ve güvenli bir ulaşım imkanı sağlamaktadır.
Ülkemizde ayrıca yeryüzü şekillerinin bazı yerlerde ulaşımı engellemesine rağmen geliştirilen çeşitli projelerle bu olumsuzluklar birer birer aşılmaktadır. Örneğin Karadeniz kıyı kuşağına köprü ve tüneller ya da denize dolgu alanları yapılarak Kuzey Anadolu Dağları’nın ulaşıma olan olumsuz etkisi ortadan kaldırılmıştır. Bu anlamda Sinop’tan başlayıp Gürcistan sınırına kadar uzanan 562 km’lik Karadeniz sahil kuşağına Karadeniz Sahil Yolu yapılmıştır (Görsel 4.3.). Gene Karadeniz kıyı kuşağında belli bir bölümünün doldurulmasıyla Ordu-Giresun Hava Limanı inşa edilmiştir (Görsel 4.4.). Bu yapı, Türkiye ve Avrupa’da deniz üzerine inşa edilmiş ilk havalimanı olma özelliğini de taşımaktadır.
İnsanlar; gezmek, eğlenmek, dinlenmek ya da tatil yapmak için turizm faaliyetlerine katılır. Sıcaklıkların uygun olduğu deniz kıyılarında yaz turizmi, düşük olduğu dağlık alanlarda kış turizmi yapmaktadır. Örneğin Birleşik Arap Emirliği’nin Basra Körfezi kıyısındaki Palmiye Adası yaz turizm merkezlerindendir (Görsel 4.5.). Bu ada, denizin kum ve taşlarla doldurulmasıyla oluşturulan dünyanın en büyük yapay adalarından biridir.
Turistik değeri olan mağaralar, yer altından çıkan sıcak su kaynakları, ormanlar, akarsular gibi alanlar da turizm faaliyetleri açısından önem taşımaktadır. Ayrıca yoğun nüfuslu şehirlerde yaşayan insanlar, uygun yerlere sosyal alanlar yaparak kısa süreli etkinliklere katılmaktadır. İstanbul’daki Maltepe Sahil Parkı buna örnek verilebilir (Görsel 4.6.). Maltepe Sahil Parkı, İstanbul’da Marmara denizi kıyı kuşağında denizin doldurulmasıyla yapılmıştır. Dünyanın en büyük şehir parklarından biri olan Maltepe Sahil Parkı, çok sayıda sosyal alandan oluşmaktadır.
Yaşantımızın önemli bir parçası olan enerjiyi üretmek için Güneş, rüzgâr ve sular gibi doğada var olan kaynaklardan yararlanırız. Ayrıca yaşadığımız çevreye baraj ve termik santraller inşa ederek de enerji üretiriz. Sonuç olarak insan, ihtiyaçlarını her türlü imkânlarla donatılmış doğal çevreden karşılamaktadır. Son yüzyılda nüfusun hızla artması ihtiyaçları da arttırmıştır. Bu da insanın çevreye daha fazla müdahale etmesine neden olmuştur.
reklamı kapat
x